EREM4214 Action Research Assignment Sample 2026 | UNIRAZAK

EREM4214 Assignment Sample

Assignment Title: Research Proposal

The Effect Of Positive Reinforcement Through Rewards On The Self-Confidence Of Shy Children During Group Activities

1.0 Proposed Action Research Methodology

1.1 Participants and setting

This action research will be conducted at Tadika Permata Bijak Taman Perdana involving 6-year-old children. This study focuses on children who have a lazy and fearless attitude in communicating with teachers and friends around them in group activities.

Participants consisted of an early childhood education teacher as a researcher in this study. There were 15 6-year-old children who were all shy and did not dare to speak during the learning session. The classroom environment was a face-to-face learning environment in a kindergarten in the city. Based on initial observations, children faced difficulties in communicating with teachers or friends around them during the learning session. Children often remained silent when the teacher gave questions or asked questions when the teacher was in front of the classroom. This classroom was chosen because children would show their attitudes that the teacher did not know, therefore it was important to choose a good and good teaching method for children to understand in the learning session in the classroom and to prevent them from not understanding their learning.

1.2 Action Plan (The Intervention)

The study conducted is related to the use of methods in learning. The methods used can be implemented in stages to obtain clear results in learning. The intervention used in this study is a positive reinforcement method through rewards that increase children’s confidence in learning sessions. The intervention will be implemented through three stages

1.2.1 Initial phase

Children will be given exercises from the teacher and do the exercises on their own without any help and have been explained by the teacher. With this phase, children can be encouraged to rely on themselves in the learning session.

1.2.2 Current phase

While the children are doing the exercises, the teacher gives positive reinforcement for them to complete the training so that the children have high confidence in carrying out the tasks given by the teacher. This phase will also show how effective or not this method is for teachers to use with children who have confidence problems and are less social with teachers and friends around them.

1.2.3 Final phase

Teachers give positive words or gifts as rewards so that children are appreciated and want to try again in another learning session. This will also increase the children’s courage in wanting to try to do the exercises given by the teacher on their own. Not only that, teachers can also increase effective methods to foster children to be brave and confident

The purpose of this intervention is to increase children’s courage in speaking or doing activities without the help of the teacher and thus increase children’s participation in activities conducted by the teacher. With this implementation, this study can provide a lot of information for teachers out there regarding effective methods in good learning sessions for children

2.0 Data Collection Methods

2.1  Pre-Test and Post-Test (Quantitatif)

Children will carry out the tasks given before and after the intervention. The tasks given by the teacher will be observed whether the child can do them on their own or not without providing reinforcement during the activity. This method is suitable for children’s behavior who are easily persuaded by reinforcement or giving rewards

2.2  Classroom Observation (Qualitatif)

The teacher-researcher will observe children during classroom activities. Observation focuses on children’s participation in carrying out tasks given by the teacher. This method is suitable in observation sessions for children in reducing shyness and having courage in class activities

2.3  Children worksheets

Worksheets and children learning activities will be collected as supporting data. Worksheets help researchers analyze the results of children’s work to see if they are confident in doing the activities and are brave in the learning session. This method is useful for teachers who want children to overcome their feelings of insecurity in doing the activities or exercises given to advance children in their learning

2.4 Timeline

Week / Activity

Week 1  :  Initial Observations & Analysis of Original Work

Week 2 : Social Rewards (Verbal Praise)

Week 3 : Physical rewards (gifts or stickers)

Week  4  : Impact Assessment and Reflection

2.5 Ethical Considerations

Several ethical considerations will be applied during this action research:

2.5.1  Parental and School Permission

The study will be conducted with permission from the school administration and parents. This permission is to prevent the miscommunication between various parties to carry out the study without any hindrances from parents and the school.

2.5.2 Student Well-Being

Children will not be made to do activities that they do not like. Research activities will not have a detrimental impact on their emotional or academic health. This will prevent unnecessary spending on the budget for children, and will be paid by the children themselves to realize the aims of the study.

2.5.3 Confidentiality and Privacy

Children’s identity and personal information will be kept confidential. The information gathered from tests, observations and worksheets will only be for academic research. This is to be noted since it is important to ensure the improvement of children’s learning and balance during the study of the children.

2.5.4 Fair Treatment

Children will be provided learning opportunities and support in a consistent way throughout the intervention process that are equal for all. This is to ensure success throughout the study and to create a balance of shared experiences and perspectives on using the methods conducted on children.

3.0 Conclusion / Anticipated Outcomes

This action research is expected to improve children’s ability to do exercises given on their own without help from teachers in classroom learning sessions through the method of positive reinforcement by giving a reward. The result expected from this study is that the children with bravery will participate in doing activities in classroom learning sessions. Besides, their ability to communicate in socializing with others will be more useful in discovering new things in everyday life. This study is also expected to help teachers in choosing effective teaching methods or strategies in learning sessions so that they are interesting for children to follow during the learning session by giving positive reinforcement in each activity given. Overall, it will be an interesting learning environment for children to follow after giving positive reinforcement using this reward to improve their communication skills and children’s courage to try new things. In ensuring the success of this study, the researcher will carry out a systematic or orderly implementation cycle so as not to run out of the scope desired by the researcher. By using three phases, namely the initial, current and final phases, it will be interesting to see the final results of this study whether it is effective or not for children, whether we need to improve what is lacking in this method or choose another method that is more effective in honing the personality of children at a young age.